Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer, yet it is the least common type. It occurs when the pigment-producing cells called melanocytes become abnormal and malignant. Melanocytes are skin cells responsible for giving color to the skin. Melanoma can develop in people of all ages, but is most often seen in older adults and in young adults.

That's why sun protection is critical during childhood and adolescence.

If you have an atypical mole, called a dysplastic nevi, you have twice the risk of developing melanoma. Having more than 50 normal moles, also increases your risk of developing melanoma.

The colors can include a combination of white, red or blue, or brown and black.

Melanoma spreads quickly and is lethal. Early detection is critical.

Use a sunscreen of SPF 15 or higher.

SPF only measures protection against UVB rays, which cause sunburn. UVA rays are more harmful, however, and penetrate deeper into the skin. The AAD recommends using a broad-spectrum sunscreen that protects against both UVA and UVB rays.

Apply sunscreen at least 15 minutes before going outside.

A growing dark spot on the iris, or change in the color of the iris may indicate melanoma.